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28
001
086

sum:

1725
1810

第二十八章
dì èr shí bā zhāng

Visionary Power

Visionäre Kraft

 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72

 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

28.a
001
023

Know the Male, Keep the Female: the World’s Riverbed

Kenne das Männliche, bewahre das Weibliche: Strombett der Welt

No.
sum

Wáng Bì 王弼
Pīnyīn 拼音

Characters
Schriftzeichen

Analysis
Analyse

Verbatim
Wortgetreu

Poetic
Poetisch

Analogous
Sinngemäß

 [ Dào lets the Inner Power of Dé work from below, and the harmony of Yin and Yang work from within, to lead creatures home to limitlessness and primordiality.

 [ As rulers, wise men, in the unadorned spirit of Dào, masterfully lead all entities, out of lowest riverbed (ch. 61), in lenient devotion.

 [ Perfectly parallel, the first three paragraphs follow the poetic pattern:
 Know - preserve - form - constant - return... from the contrastive pairs 'manhood / woman-hood', 'lightness / darkness', and 'favour / disfavour' home to childlikeness, limitlessness,  and primordiality!

 The soul is androgynous, with Yin and Yang in harmonious development.
 Literally, cock (in the foreground) and hen (in the background) symbolise manhood (Yang: the sunny side of the hill) and womanhood (Yin: the shady side of the hill).

 01-03 Aware of its male traits, but preserving the female traits, Yang is wisely mellowed by Yin, and proves to be the bottom of the valley, the world's riverbed: confluence of all rivers and of all spirits (ch. 61, 66).

 04-06 As world's riverbed, Inner Power will continuously and sustainably serve the other entities to return to the irreproachableness of a newborn child (ch. 55), and at the same time, serve large empires to flow downwards below the small states to win them (ch. 61).

 07-09 To be aware of Yang's brightness, clarity, and lucidity, but preserving Yin's obscurity, vagueness, and diffuseness: thus wise men become a model for the world.

 10-12 As the world's model, Inner Power will not diverge from the Great One: hidden and inconspicuous, the power of integrity and virtue will, without ulterior motive and impartially, help the other beings to return to the Ultimate Nothingness. [“Infinity” Mair 1990, p.93]

 13-15 Aware of Yang's favour, fame, and grandeur, but preserving Yin's disfavour, anonymity, and humility:
 thus wise men become the bottom of the valley of the world.

 16-18 As the bottom of the valley of the world, they will have enough and sufficient Inner Power, to return to the original simplicity of 樸 pǔ, that 'raw wood' of unadorned primordiality (ch. 32, 37, 57).

28.01.
001
003

知其雄,
zhī qí xióng,

知 aware_of {knows} / (er-)_kennen.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

雄 or: manhood [= male traits; cock] / oder: Männlichkeit [= männlichen Züge; Hahn].

Know your manhood [= male traits],

Kenne deine Männlichkeit [= männlichen Züge],

Know your manhood,

Kenne deine männlichen,

Know manhood, 

All deine Männlichkeit erfahre, 

28.02.
004
006

守其雌,
shǒu qí cí,

守 to keep / (be-)wahre.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

雌 womanhood [= female traits; hen] / Weiblichkeit [= weiblichen Züge; Henne]; or: female, feminine / oder: Weibliches.

keep your womanhood [= female traits],

wahre deine Weiblichkeit [= weiblichen Züge],

keep your womanhood:

bewahre deine weiblichen Züge:

                           keep your womanhood,

doch deine Weiblichkeit bewahre:

28.03.
007
010

為天下
wéi tiān xià

谿。  [...]
xī。

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bilden {formen}; dienen_als.

天下 world's {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / un-ter"}.

谿 riverbed {stream, flow; valley} / Strombett {Strom, Strömung; Tal}.

to become {form} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
riverbed {stream, flow}.

zu bilden der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Strombett {Strom, Strömung}.

become world's riverbed.

werde der Welt Strombett.

become world's riverbed for good.

der Welt als Strombett zu geschehen.

28.04.
011
014

為天下
wéi tiān xià

谿,
xī,

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

天下 world's {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / un-ter"}.

谿 riverbed {stream, flow} / Strombett {Strom, Strömung}.

Becoming {forming} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
riverbed {stream, flow},

Bilden der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Strombett {Strom, Strömung},

Becoming world's riverbed,

Als Strombett der Welt

Become world's riverbed, and be

Als Strombett aller Welt gesehen,

28.05.
015
018

常德
cháng dé

不離,
bù lí,

常 constant {lasting} / beständig {dauerhaft}.

德 Inner_Power / Innere_Kraft.

不 not / nicht {un-}.

離 to leave / verlassen; or: to desert (to let down); to quit / oder: verlassen (im Stich lassen); aufgeben;

不離 “to endure, to prevail” / oder: „überdauern, sich durchsetzen“.

constant {lasting} Inner_Power
will not leave you:

beständige {dauerhafte} Innere_Kraft
wird dich nicht verlassen:

constant Inner Power will not leave you:
wird beständige Innere Kraft dich nicht verlassen:

with Inner Power constantly:
wird stetig Innere Kraft bestehen:

28.06.
019
023

復歸於
fù guī yú
嬰兒。
yíng ér。

復 to return / zurückkehren.

歸 to go back (home) / zurückgehen (heim).

於 to [the state of an] / zu [zum Zustand eines].

嬰 newborn / neugeborenen.

兒 child [son] [= baby; ~childlikeness] / Kind_[-es] {Sohn_[-es]} [= Klein/kind_[-es]; ~Kindlichkeit].*

to return, home {back} to [the state of an]

newborn / child [son] [= baby; ~childlikeness].

zurückkehren, heim {zurück} [zum Zustand eines]

neugeborenen / Kind_[-es] {Sohn_[-es]}
[= Klein/kind_[-es]; ~Kindlichkeit].

to return, home to childlikeness.

zurückzukehren, heim zur Kindlichkeit.

return, again like babyishly.

zurück, zum Kindsein heimwärts gehen.

*復歸於 [to the state of an] newborn child [son] [= baby; ~childlikeness] / zum Zustand eines] neugeborenen Kind_[-es] {Sohn_[-es]} [= Klein/kind_[-es]; ~Kindlichkeit] s. 14 12. s. 王弼 Wáng Bì / Wagner (2003, p.214-215).

28.b
024
046

Know the Bright, Keep the Dark: the Example for the World

Kenne das Helle, bewahre das Dunkle: Vorbild der Welt

No.
sum

Wáng Bì 王弼
Pīnyīn 拼音

Characters
Schriftzeichen

Analysis
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Verbatim
Wortgetreu

Poetic
Poetisch

28.07.
024
026

知其白,
zhī qí bái,

知 aware_of {knows} / (er-)_kennen.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

白 lightness {"whiteness"} / Helles {"Weißes"}.

Know your lightness {"whiteness"},

Kenne dein Helles {"Weißes"},

Know your lightness,

Kenne deine helle Seite,

Your lightness know, 

Dein Helles kennen, 

28.08.
027
029

守其黑,
shǒu qí hèi,

守 to keep / (be-)wahre.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

黑 darkness {"blackness"} / Dunkles {"Schwarzes"}.

keep your darkness {"blackness"}:

wahre dein Dunkles {"Schwarzes"}:

keep your darkness:

bewahre deine dunkle Seite:

                            your darkness hold:

                             Dunkles wahren:

28.09.
030
033

為天下
wéi tiān xià

式;  [...]
shì;

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

 天下 world's {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}.

式 (role-)_model / Leitbild {Vorbild}.

become_(unfold) {form} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
(role-)_model;

bilde {werde} der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Leitbild {Vorbild};

become all world's role model.

bilde der Welt Leitbild.

as all world's model to unfold.

als Leitbild dich der Welt erfahren.

28.10.
034
037

為天下
wéi tiān xià

式
shì

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

天下 world's {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}.

式 (role-)_model / Leitbild {Vorbild}.

becoming {forming} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
(role-)_model:

Bilden der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Leitbild {Vorbild}:

Becoming world's role model,

Bilde der Welt Leitbild,

Become world's model, 

Als Leitbild dich der Welt ergründen,

28.11.
038
041

常德
cháng dé

不忒,
bù tài,

常 constant {lasting} / beständig {dauerhaft}.

德 Inner_Power / Innere_Kraft.

不 not / nicht {un-}.

忒 to fail {to err} [= to stray_from; to deviate] / fehlgehen {irren} [= abweichen].

constant {lasting} Inner_Power
will not fail {err} [= stray_from; deviate],

beständige {dauerhafte} Innere_Kraft
wird nicht fehlgehen {irren} [= abweichen],

constant Inner Power will not deviate:
wird beständige Innere Kraft nicht fehlgehen:

                               failing never
as Inner Power so forever:
lässt stete Innere Kraft nicht schwinden,

28.12.
042
046

復歸於
fù guī yú
無極。
wú jí。

復 to return / zurückkehren.

歸 to go back (home) / zurückgehen (heim).

於 to [the state of an] / zu [zum Zustand eines].

無 without (no) {non-being, nothing_(-ness) [ / ohne (kein) {nicht-sein, Nichts}.

極  limits {limit/lessness} [= in/exhautibility] / Grenzen {Un/-begrenztheit} [= Unerschöpflichkeit; Unendlichkeit].

to return, home {back} to [the state of an]

[the state of] without limits {limit/lessness} [= in/exhautibility].

zurückkehren, heim {zurück} zum [Zustand]
ohne Grenzen {Un/begrenztheit} [= Unerschöpflichkeit; Unendlichkeit].

to return, home to limitlessness.

zurückzukehren, heim zur Unbegrenztheit.

return, and home - no limit told.

zur Unbegrenztheit heimwärts finden.

28.c
047
068

Know the Glory, Keep Humility: the World’s Wellspring

Kenne den Ruhm, bewahre Demut: Quellgrund der Welt

No.
sum

Wáng Bì 王弼
Pīnyīn 拼音

Characters
Schriftzeichen

Analysis
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Verbatim
Wortgetreu

Poetic
Poetisch

28.13.
047
049

知其榮,
zhī qí róng,

知 aware_of {knows} / (er-)_kennen.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

榮 favor {grace; honor; glory} / Gunst {Gnade; Ehre; Ruhm}.

Know your favor {grace; honor; glory},

Kenne deinen Gunst {Gnade; Ehre; Ruhm},

Know your favor,

Kenne deine Gunst,

Your favor know,  

Die Gunst erkennen,  

28.14.
050
052

守其辱,
shǒu qí rǔ,

守 to keep / (be-)wahre.

其 your, their / deine, ihr(-e).

辱 disfavor {disgrace, dishonor, humiliation / Ungunst {Ungnade; Schmach; Demütigung} s. ch. 13! / s. Kap. 13!

keep your disfavor {disgrace, dishonor, humiliation},

wahre deine Ungunst {Ungnade; Schmach; Demütigung},

keep your disfavor,

bewahre deine Ungunst,

                    disfavor keep:

                         Ungunst wahren:

28.15.
053
056

為天下
wéi tiān xià

谷;  [...]
gǔ;

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

天下 world {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / un-ter"}.

谷 or: valley_ (bottom), ravine, gorge / oder: Tal_(-grund), Schlucht, Klamm.

become {form} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
valley_ (bottom);

bilde der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Tal_(-grund);

become world's valley floor.

werde der Welt Talgrund.

as all world's valley floor to reap.

als Talgrund dich der Welt erfahren.

28.16.
057
060

為
wéi

天下
tiān xià

谷;
gǔ;

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

天下 world {= "Heaven / under"} / Welt {= "Himmel / un-ter"}.

谷 or: valley_ (bottom), ravine, gorge / oder: Tal_(-grund), Schlucht, Klamm.

becoming {forming} world's {= "Heaven / under"}
[flat] valley_ (bottom, ~floor);

bilde der Welt {= "Himmel / unter"}
Tal_(-grund, -niederung);

Becoming world's valley floor,

Bilde den Talgrund aller Welt,

World's valley be, 

Der Welt als Talgrund sich gebaren,

28.17.
061
064

常德
cháng dé
乃足,
nǎi zú,

常 constant {lasting} / beständig {dauerhaft}.

德 Inner_Power / Innere_Kraft.

乃 then / dann.

足 ample {sufficient} / reichlich {hinreichend; genügend}.

constant {lasting} Inner_Power
is then ample {sufficient}:

beständige {dauerhafte} Innere_Kraft
ist dann reichlich {hinreichend; genügend}:

constant Inner Power is then ample:

dann wird beständige Innere Kraft reichlich:

                                     eternally
let ample Inner Power be:

so stete Innere Kraft genügt:

28.18.
065
068

復歸於
fù guī yú

樸。
pǔ。

復 to return / zurückkehren.

歸 to go back (home) / zurückgehen (heim).

於 to [the state of an] / zu [zum Zustand eines].

復歸於*

樸 nativeness {(natural)_simplicity} [= uncarved_wood, ~ block] / Ursprünglichkeit {(naturbelassene)_Einfachheit}
[= unbehauenes_Naturholz].**

to return, home {back} to [the state of an]
nativeness {(natural)_simplicity}
[= uncarved_wood, ~ block].

zurück_kehren, heim {zurück} zum [Zustand der]
Ursprünglichkeit {(naturbelassene)_Einfachheit} [= unbehauenes_Naturholz].

to return, home to nativeness.

zurückzukehren, heim zur Ursprünglichkeit.

return, your nativeness to see.

sie heim, zum Ursprung wieder, fügt.

28.07. - 28.15. not quoted in 莊子 Zhuāng zǐ, so added later?! (Gāo Míng, 1996 p. 372).

28.13. - 28.18. see 40.

*s. 王弼 Wáng Bì / Wagner (2003, p.214-215).

**lit.:  untrimmed wood (natural integrity); un-adorned / unbehauener Holzklotz (naturbelassene Integrität); schlicht s. 57.14.].

Parallels: manhood 28.01., lightness 28.07., glory 28.13. "Ths Sage, after relating back to [the negative] has been completed, will achieve it to completly fill his position." (s. 王弼 Wáng Bì / Wagner (2003, p. 215).

28.d
069
086

Nativeness or Usefulness: Great Carving is Done Chiplessly

Natürlichkeit oder Nützlichkeit: Großes Schnitzwerk entsteht ohne Späne

No.
sum

Wáng Bì 王弼
Pīnyīn 拼音

Characters
Schriftzeichen

Analysis
Analyse

Verbatim
Wortgetreu

Poetic
Poetisch

28.19.
069
073

樸
pǔ

散
sàn

則為
zé wéi

器;
qì;

樸 Nativeness {(natural)_simplicity} [= uncarved_wood, ~ block] / Ursprünglichkeit {(naturbelassene)_Einfachheit}
[= unbehauenes_Naturholz].

散 to disperse {"cut"} / aufgelösen {"gefällt"}.

則 then / dann.

為 here: to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: werden, bil-den {formen}; dienen_als.

器 tools [implements, methods, instruments} / Werkzeug {Gerät, Methode, Instrumente}; lit.: vessel, device (instrument) / Gefäß, Gerät.

Nativeness {(natural)_simplicity}
[= uncarved_wood, ~ block]:
once dispersed {"cut"},
then it becomes [mere]
tools [implements, methods, instruments};

Ursprünglichkeit {(naturbelassene)_Einfachheit} [= unbehauenes_Naturholz]:
einmal aufgelöst {"gefällt"},
dann wird sie zum [bloßen]
Werkzeug {Gerät, Methode, Instrumente};

Nativeness, once dispersed: becomes a tool;

Ursprünglichkeit, einmal aufgelöst, wird dann ein Werkzeug;

If nativeness is once dispersed,
it will become a tool at first;

Löst sich das Ursprüngliche erst auf,
wird es zum Werkzeug bald darauf;

28.20.
074
077

聖人用之,
shèng rén yòng zhī,

聖 wise / weise.

人 men / Menschen.

用 to use {to employ} / verwenden {gebrauchen}.

之 here: it / hier: es; of [Genitive] / von [(sächsischer) Genitiv]. not in Mǎwángduī 馬王堆 A+B ["is the wise used" / wird der Weise gebraucht" - Robert G. Henricks]

(28.20.+28.21.):  might be the beginn].ing of the next chapter (n. Song Qifa) / evtl. Anfang des nächsten Kapitels.

wise men use {employ} it,

weise Menschen verwenden {gebrauchen} es

when wise men use it,

Weise Menschen verwenden es,

it will be formed, used by wise men,

verwendet in des Weisen Plänen,

28.21.
078
081

則為
zé wéi

官長
guān zháng

則 then (but) / dann (jedoch).

為 here: develop, to become {to form}; to serve_as / hier: entwickeln, werden, bilden {formen}; dienen_als.

官 officials / Amtsträger or: sovereigny, government / Sou-verän(-ität), Regierung; officers, magistrates / oder: (leitende) Verantwortliche (Beamte).

長 elders / Älteste.

官長 officials [and] elders / Amtsträger [und] Älteste or: “chief magistrate” (= king, governor) / oder: „Führungsspitze“ (= König, Gouverneur).

為官長 different interpretation:*

then to develop {form}
officials and elders:

dann zu entwickeln {formen}
Amtsträger und Älteste:

then they develop it to officials and elders:

dann zu Amtsträgern und Ältesten:

for elders and officials then:

wird man's in höchsten Ämtern wähnen:

28.22.
082
086

故
gù
大制
dà zhì

不割。
bù gē。

故 hence / denn.

大 great / groß.

制 carving, tailor; or: ruler, government {Royal order} / Schnitzen, Schneider; oder: Herrscher, Regierung {königlicher Befehl}.

不 not, without / nicht, keine {un-}.

割 shavings, splints / (Holz-)späne; or: [to split / spalten (Schwarz, Lau), to hurt / schmerzen (v. Strauß, Carus), to prune / beschneiden (Ulenbrook), not filed / ungefeilt (Debon)]

大制不割**

hence:
"great carvings [unrehearsed]
no shavings" –
[= the great regulates without any cutting_off (cull)].

denn:
„großes Schnitzwerk
[spontan] keine Späne" –
[= die Großen regeln ohne Abtrennung (Ausschuss)].

for "Great carvings arise without shavings".

denn „Großes Schnitzwerk entsteht ohne Späne".

"Great carvings: need no chips again"!

„Reift großes Schnitzwerk frei von Spänen"!

   [...]

cf. Mǎwángduī  馬王堆 A+B!

*„it [nativeness] creates lordship for a long time“ (long-las-ting, enduring) / andere Deutung: „verschafft sie [Natürlichkeit] Hoheit auf Dauer“ (lange, nachhaltig). „it [nativeness] creates lordship for a long time“ (longlasting, enduring) / andere Deutung: „verschafft sie [Natürlichkeit] Hoheit auf Dauer“ (lange, nachhaltig).

**大制不割 idiomatic: (mastership of highest elegance) “... great works are not to be impeded!”; (“A master tailor doesn't cut”) / idiomatisch: (Meisterschaft in höchster Ökonomie) „... sind große Werke nicht aufzuhalten!“ ...

(„Ein meisterhafter Schneider verschneidet nichts“); [Simon: "Regierungsmaßnahmen nicht ein-schneidend"]. 

"The Great Regulator" [the Sage] without [any] cutting off." (s. 王弼 Wáng Bì / Wagner (2003, p. 215).

 28, 04-06

為天下谿,
wéi tiān xià xī,

常德不離,
cháng dé bù lí,

復歸於嬰兒。
fù guī yú yíng ér。

老子 Lǎozĭ 道 德 經 Dàodéjīng 28, 04-06

Become world's riverbed, and be

with Inner Power constantly,

return, again like babyishly.

Als Strombett aller Welt gesehen,

wird stetig Innere Kraft bestehen:

zurück zum Kindsein heimwärts gehen.

為天下谿,
wéi tiān xià xī,

常德不離,
cháng dé bù lí,

復歸於嬰兒。
fù guī yú yíng ér。

3 說：「我實在告訴你們：你們若不回轉，變成小孩子的樣式，斷不得進天國。 4 所以，凡自己謙卑像這小孩子的，他在天國裡就是最大的。 5 凡為我的名接待一個像這小孩子的，就是接待我。

28
001
086

sum:

1725
1810

第二十八章
dì èr shí bā zhāng

Visionary Power

Visionäre Kraft

 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09

 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72

 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

Raw texts / Rohtexte:

B:智其雄，守其雌，為天下谿。為天下谿，恒德不離，復歸於嬰兒。智其白，守其辱，為天下谷。為天下谷，恒得乃足，復歸於樸。智其白，守其黑，為天下武；為天下武，恒德不貣，復歸於無極。樸散則為成器，聖人用則為官長。(29:) 大制無畍（割）。
智（知）, 智（知）, 辱（𪑾）, 智（知）, 武<式>, 貣（忒）畍（割）.

M:知其雄守其雌為﹦天﹦下﹦溪﹦恆﹦德不﹦雞﹦
復歸嬰兒知其白守其辱∠為﹦天﹦下﹦浴恆德﹦
乃﹦□□□□□知其守其黑為﹦天﹦下﹦式﹦恆德﹦不﹦
貣﹦復歸於無極∠幄散□□□□人用則為官長夫大制無割

m:知亓雄守亓雌為﹦天﹦下﹦雞﹦恆﹦德﹦不﹦離﹦
復□□□□□亓白守亓辱為﹦天﹦下﹦○浴﹦恆﹦德﹦
乃﹦足﹦復歸於樸知亓白守亓黑為﹦天﹦下﹦式﹦
恆﹦德﹦不﹦貸﹦復歸於無極樸散則為器聖人用則為
官長夫大28制無割

G: * * *

W:知其雄，守其雌，為天下谿。為天下谿，常德不離，復歸於嬰兒。知其白，守其黑，為天下式。為天下式，常德不忒，復歸於無極。知其榮，守其辱，為天下谷。為天下谷，常德乃足，復歸於樸。樸散則為器，聖人用之則為官長。故大制不割。

H:知其雄，守其雌，為天下谿。為天下谿，常德不離，復歸於嬰兒。知其白守其黑，為天下式。為天下式，常德不忒，復歸於無極。知其榮，守其辱，為天下谷。為天下谷，常德乃足，復歸於樸。樸散則為器，聖人用之則為官長。故大制不割。

28

Etymological Notes:

知 From mouth 口 (character created for sound) and phonetic 矢 borrowed for sound. Meaning: to know.

其 Simple pictograph 其. A basket being held by two hands. Borrowed for sound. Meaning: his.

雄 From bird 隹 and phonetic (also indicating strong) 厷. Meaning: the male of a species.

守 From building 宀 and hand 寸. Meaning: to defend.

雌 From bird 隹 and phonetic 此. Meaning: soft.

為 From mouth 口 (character created for sound) and phonetic 矢 borrowed for sound. Meaning: to know.

天 Augmented pictograph 天. Augmentation 一 (head) to person 大. Meaning: sky.

下 Simple pictograph 下(丅𠄟). A mark below the line. Meaning: down.

溪 From water 氵水 and phonetic 奚. Meaning: mountain stream.

天 Augmented pictograph 天. Augmentation 一 (head) to person 大. Meaning: sky.

常 From cloth 巾 (making cloth was the most common activity of the ancient world) and phonetic 尚. Meaning: common.

德 From road 彳 and phonetic 悳. Meaning: ethics. (悳 means to go have a straight 直 heart 心)

不 Simple pictograph. Unclear origin. Possibly a root which us pulled up and is thus NOT there. Meaning: “no”.

離 Simple pictograph 离. An animal.

復 Composition:Left: 彳 right: 复. 彳+ 9 strokes return; repeat; repeatedly.

歸 Deletion remnant 归(t歸). From a foot 止 (indicating to return) and broom 帚 (representing a woman 婦) and phonetic 𠂤. Meaning: to return. (woman returns home once a year)

於 Simple pictograph 於. Unclear origin. Meaning: in.

嬰 From cowry 贝貝 and woman 女. Meaning: baby (a woman with cowry beds for the baby.From cowry 贝貝 and woman 女. Meaning: baby (a woman with cowry beds for the baby.

兒 Simple pictograph 儿兒. A child with up-raised hands.

白 Simple pictograph 白. Of a white cotton bobin. Meaning: white.

辱 From hand 寸 and plow 辰. Meaning: humiliate. (possibly from low level work)

谷 Radical:谷+ 0 strokes = 7 strokes total. valley gorge ravine

乃 Simple pictograph 乃. Origin unclear. Meaning: then.

足 Simple pictograph 足. From remanat 口 (top of leg) and foot 止. Meaning: foot.

朴 Composition:Left: 木 right: 卜. simple unadorned; sincere; surname; a tree.

溪 Simple pictograph 黑. Fire going out a window or chimney. Meaning: black.

式 Simple pictograph 式. From dividers 弋 and square 工. Meaning: rule.

忒 心+3 excessive; too; very-usually of objectionable things; to err; to mistake; changeable

無 wú mó  火+ 8 strokes  negative no not; lack have no Simple pictograph Meaning: nothing. [无無. A dancer also pronounced wu. Borrowed for sound.]

極 From tree 木 and phonetic 及亟. Originally a cross beam rafter.

散 Cursive remnant 散. From meat (making dried stringed meat) 月肉 and 𢽳 [From hand 攵攴 and (separating) flax 𣏟]. Meaning: to dispurse.

則 From cowry 贝貝 and knife 刀. Meaning: rule. (seperating the cowries with a knife)

器 From mouth 口 (Meaning: pottery) false cognate 犬 originally a man who sells pottery. Meaning: vessels.

聖 Super cursive remnant 圣聖. From a man standing on the earth 土王𡈼 (ting) not 壬(ren) and remnant 又 (from speaking 口 and being listened to with the ear 耳). Meaning: sage. Note: remnant 又and 土.

人 Simple pictograph 人. A person in profile. Meaning: person.

用 Simple pictograph 用. A water bucket 桶. Used for sound 用. Meaning: to use.

之 Simple pictograph 之㞢𡳿. Augmentation of foot 止 going forward from 一. Originally indicating to go forward.

官 From building 宀 and wall𠂤. Meaning: official.

長 Simple pictograph 长長. A man with long hair. Meaning: long.

故 From hand 攵攴 and phonetic (also Meaning: ancient) 古. Original Meaning: ancient and reason.

大 Simple pictograph 大. Front  profile of a man 大. Meaning: large.

智 From to know (also a phonetic) 知 and to speak 曰. Meaning: wisdom.

割 From knife 刂刀 and phonetic (also Meaning: to cut a tally stick) 害. Meaning: to cut

Sources:

http://www.thetao.info/tao/big5.htm,

http://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&char=%E4%B9%8D

https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-english-pinyin-dictionary.php?define=%E4%B9%8D

http://www.chineseetymology.org/CharacterEtymology.aspx?submitButton1=Etymology&characterInput=%E4%BD%9C  [and more].

郭店 Guōdiàn ~ -300.

韓非子 Hán Fēizǐ (-280-233).

孔夫子 Kǒng fū zǐ (Confucius / Konfuzius).

老子 Lǎozĭ ~ -400: Dàodéjīng 道德經.

列子 Lièzǐ ~ -440-360 ~ -350.

論語 Lún yǔ = Analects 孔夫子 Kǒng fū zǐ Confucius / Konfuzius.

馬王堆 Mǎwángduī A < -206.

馬王堆 Mǎwángduī B < -179.

易經 Yì Jīng (Book of Change) .

莊子 Zhuāngzǐ (-369-286) .

Kalinke Viktor Zhuangzi: Der Gesamttext und Materialien (Chinesisch) Leipzig: Leipziger Literaturverlag, 2017.